Calendering-machine.



J. H. WHITBHOUSE.

GALENDERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JANJS, 1912. Lm'. Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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A TTORNEY.

J. H. WHITEHOUSB.

CALENDERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.13.1912. 1.128,968. Patented .121111.51915 2 BHEETSBHBET 2.

JEREMIAH H. WHITEHOUSE, or SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

cALENnEmNG-Macnrnn l Liaaeee.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 5, i915.

Application led -Tanuary 13, 1912. Serial No. 670,975.

chines especially for calendering paper in c the manufacture of glazed paper. In these machines, it is customary to run the paper between two rolls,-one running faster than the other,having a greater peripheral speed than the surface of the paper, whereby the friction of the fast running roll on the paper gives the desired glazed surface.l

It has been of the utmost importance in designing these machines to provide some satisfactory means for drivingthe slow roll relative to the fast one. The speed ratio between these two rolls must be as nearly constant as is possible. If in the operation of the machine, the speed of one roll changes relatively to the other, no matter how little, in any intermittent manner the paper is injuredc It is'the object of this invention to provide means for keeping the speed ratio of the two rolls absolutely constant with a minimum expense in the manufacture of the machine.

In the drawings forming part of this application, Figure l is a side view of the assembled machine. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same.

Both views of the drawing show the paper as it passes through the machine.

On the frame Z three shafts b, e, and d are mounted. The belt a drives the pulley]y t fast to one end of the shaft on the latter of which the fast roll o is finedq A. sprocket wheel and pulley are mounted on the other end of the shaft Rolls p and g are mounted on the shafts e and d respectively. A roll j of paper to be glazed is rotatably mounted on the standards n. rlhis roll of paper passes under the weight tension device 7e up against the roll p and partly around thisvroll and between this roll and the top roll o; then the paper is wound up on a roll rotatably mounted on standards m.'

This latter roll is driven by a belt g from the pulley on one end of the shaft b.

lit has been customary in known machines to operate the shaft b by a pulley driven from. the main shaft. As the paper passes between the rolls p and o, the latter bears l on the paper with a pressure regulated by the device r. As the roll o rotates, 'it continually tends to drive the paper, the roll p, and through it, the roll r] which is in direct contact with said roll p.

Asitis necessary to prevent the surface of the paper and roll p from having as great a speed as the roll o, designers have, in the past, connected the shafts b and d by an intermeshing spur gear train 'which positively prevented the roll p from traveling beyond a certain speed. This method proved unsatisfactory because the intermeshing gears had a certain amount of back lash and this back lash allowed the gears to chatter intermittently, which changed the speed ratio-of rolls o and p and caused the gear marks on the paper. These marks are roughened or crimpled portions on the surface of the paperl due to the change in the speed ratio of the two rolls. Such marks are, of course, highly objectionable in the finished product. The use of lherring-bone gears has proved highly satisfacf tory in the results obtained, but the initial expense of these gears is prohibitive.

The objections to belt connections between the shafts'b and d are that in order to keep the speed ratio constant, countershafts and large pulleys andbelts must be used, for if a belt passed directly over the pulleys on the shafts b and al the slip would prevent the constant speed ratio. The use of these large pulleys, belts, and-countershafts takes up a great deal of room, vshuts out the light, and creates dust.

With belts or gears, the horse power necessary to drive the machine is considerable. By the invention herein described a considerable saving in power is obtained in addition to obtaining the desired improvements in the operation of the machine.

Applicant has found, after experimenting with all the methods mentioned, that a special form of link chain may be used for the purpose desired with a minimum amount of expense, space, and trouble. The use of own parts and the teeth of the sprocket v wheels, and thereby keeps thepitch line cion-A stant and never slips, as do other chains, sothat the speed ratio of the two shafts driven by the chain is kept absolutely constant. This type of chain is well known in the chain art and is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1 wherein the peculiar form of links used are shown. The patent to Warren J. Belcher, No. 959,046, dated May 24, 1910, shows the silent type chain more in detail.

In Fig. 1, as shaft b rotates very rapidly, it tends to drive the paper and roll p just as fast. The roll p, however, bears directly on the roll g and before the roll p can rotate it must rotate the roll g. The roll g, however, is held from rotating beyond a certain speed by the sprocket f, chain c, and the sprocket on the shaft Z). This chain gear train determines absolutely the speed Iratio o f the rolls 0 and p. It can be also seen from Fig. 1 that the chain is acting as a hold back for the shaft d, for if it were driving, the slack and tight sides of the chain would be reversed. The use of any other chain than the special onementioned would not give the results mentioned. By the arrangement described, applicant gets a constant speed ratio between the operating rolls of a calendering machine in a novel, efficient, and economical manner.

what 1' claim, isz;

1. A calendering machine having, in combination, a roll with means for driving it at high speed, a second roll between which and the first roll paper canfbe calendered, a third roll in contact with the second roll, and means to insure aconstant speed ratio between the first rolland each ofthe other two comprising a sprocket-wheel lon vthe shaft of the rst roll, afsecond'lsp'rocket'-v wheel on theshaft of the third roll, anda I chain of the silent type passing `ever said y sprocket Wheels whereby the rst roll will be prevented from' changing the desired speed ratio, all for the purpose described.

2. A calendering machine having in combination, a roll with means for driving it at high speed, a second roll between which and the first roll paper can be calendered, andv all for the purpose described.

.JEREMIAH Witnesses:

FRANKLIN Gr. NEAL, HARRY W. BOWEN.

H. WHITEHOUSE. A 

